Who Else Was Mentioned in the Latest Epstein Files

Email exchanges between the late convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein and some former government officials, celebrities, and other public figures sit among more than 20,000 pages of documents released by the House Oversight Committee.

Republicans in the committee released the trove of documents on Wednesday, after Democrats released three bombshell emails from Epstein that described interactions with Donald Trump and appeared to shed light on how much knowledge of Epstein’s illicit activities the President had.

Trump has denied any wrongdoing, and called the emails a ploy by Democrats to “deflect from their massive failures.” The White House reiterated that view, with Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt telling TIME that Democrats “selectively leaked emails” to “create a fake narrative to smear President Donald Trump.”

“Democrats whine about ‘releasing the files,’ but they only cherry-pick when they have them to generate clickbait,” the Republican Oversight Committee said on X when releasing its own tranche of emails.

Members of the Trump Administration have been grilled over the slow release of files over the course of the year, which has been at the center of public discourse including among Trump’s MAGA base. The scandal has been further fuelled by the revelation of a “bawdy” birthday letter allegedly written by Trump to Epstein, which Trump has denied, and accusations that Trump is implicated in the Epstein files, including by tech billionaire and former Trump ally Elon Musk during their public social media feud earlier this year.

There are still more files that have not yet been made public, though the House is set to vote next week on the disclosure of files after a discharge petition forced the measure to be taken up despite Republican leadership’s reluctance.

But the tranche of new emails released on Wednesday show that Epstein mingled with both friends and adversaries of Trump, including journalists, politicians, and other influential figures.

Here are some of the people whom Epstein exchanged emails with. The full documents can be viewed here.

Former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers

The new documents revealed a number of exchanges between Epstein and economist Larry Summers across at least seven years. Summers served as Treasury Secretary in the Bill Clinton Administration from 1999 to 2001 and as Director of the White House National Economic Council in the Barack Obama Administration from 2009 to 2010. He became president of Harvard University in 2001 but stepped down in 2006 after he made controversial remarks on women, including arguing that the underrepresentation of women in top science and engineering fields could be explained by a “different availability of aptitude at the high end.”

Summers criticized Trump in several email exchanges with Epstein. In October 2017, he wrote that Trump was the “world s luckiest guy in terms of opposition, economy etc.” But he added, “still think his world will collapse.”

In another 2017 email, Summers tells Epstein while on a trip to Saudi Arabia that the “general view” among Saudi officials was that “Donald is a clown, increasingly dangerous on foreign policy.”

In May 2017, Summers asked Epstein in an email, “How guilty is Donald?”

“Of crudity surely Of gross ignorance surely Of being utterly without the intellect temperament for job surely Of being over line on family profiting very likely Of gross disregard for appearances almost surely,” Summers wrote in his own assessment.

“Of Russians having financial leverage. Less clear,” he added. “Of Russians helping in. Election w complicity of his campaign plausible but not certain”.

Epstein wrote back, “your world does not understand how dumb he really is. he will blame everyone around him. for bad results.”

Summers also expressed apparently misogynistic views in his emails to Epstein and complained about societal attitudes towards sexual harassment allegations.

“I observed that half of the IQ In world was possessed by women without mentioning they are more than 51 percent of population,” Summers wrote in the October 2017 email.

“I’m trying to figure why American elite think if u murder your baby by beating and abandonment it must be irrelevant to your admission to Harvard, but hit on a few women 10 years ago and can’t work at a network or think tank,” he wrote in the same email, adding: “DO NOT REPEAT THIS INSIGHT.”

TIME has reached out to Summers’ office for comment. Summers expressed regret over his association with Epstein in a Wednesday statement to Havard college paper the Crimson.

Author Michael Wolff

While the email excerpts released by Democrats showed that biographer Michael Wolff, who had interviewed Epstein for a book on Trump, had provided him advice related to Trump, the wider trove of documents showed he also advised Epstein on a number of other topics.

In a January 2015 email, Epstein tells Wolff that a former girlfriend could corroborate several claims, including that former President Bill Clinton “was never on the island,” and that she could confirm “no sex with steven hawking,” or former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak “as he was also never on the island.”

In another email at the time, Epstein says, “clinton was NEVER EVER there, never” and asks Wolff for advice on “who should break the story.”

Wolff responds, advising Epstein not to involve the former girlfriend, and tells Epstein that he filed a column for USA Today, where he was a contributor from 2012 to early 2017, “explaining how (Alan) Dershowitz and (former Prince) Andrew allegations were picked up from unverified civil court docs.” (USA Today said in a statement that it had no knowledge of any relationship between Wolff and Epstein.)

In 2016, after Epstein had learned that Reuters was preparing to publish a story about a lawsuit against him and Trump accusing them of raping her in 1994 when she was underage, Wolff wrote to Epstein: “Well, I guess if there’s anybody who can wave thus away, it’s Donald,” adding, “Let me know if there’s anything I can do.” (The lawsuit was ultimately withdrawn.)

Epstein also criticized Trump in emails to Wolff, complaining about Trump’s financial dealings.

“He has no money. when he buys the house,” Epstein wrote to Wolff in February 2019 about Trump. “His biz model is putting his name on a real estate development and gets a fee for using his name. The hotel biz is just that. someone else buys the hotel. hoping to make a profit from its operation and eventual sale.”

“Trump put his name on it, and get a 2% fee and maybe a piece of the profit if any on sale,” Epstein continued. “He touts the project as ‘his’… just as in his current financial statements on file as president he lists his ‘income’ as the GROSS receipts of the clubs, with no expenses, not his personal revenue ie the doral golf club loses money every year. It pays out more than it takes in, but he lists the revenue as his income. AMAZING.”

In the same email, Epstein tells Wolff that a victim, whose name was redacted, “worked at Mara Lago. Trump knew of it. and came to my house many times during that period,” but that “He never got a massage.”

The White House told TIME that a victim whose name had been redacted in some of the emails referencing Trump was Virginia Giuffre, who died by suicide earlier this year and had not accused Trump of wrongdoing. TIME could not independently verify that Giuffre was the redacted name in any of the emails.

TIME has reached out to Wolff for comment via an agent.

Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, former prince

Epstein also emailed with “The Duke”—an apparent alias for Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, the British royal who was stripped of his titles of prince and Duke of York last month.

Epstein forwarded “the Duke” an email in March 2011 about an upcoming Daily Mail story about Giuffre’s allegations against Andrew.

“The Duke” wrote back: “What? I don’t know any of this. How are you responding?”

“Just got it two minutes ago. I’ve asked g lawyers to send a letter,” Epstein said. “I’m not sure how to respond, the only person she didn’t have sex with was Elvis.”

“The Duke” replies, “Please make sure that every statement or legal letter states clearly that I am NOT involved and that I knew and know NOTHING about any of these allegations. I can’t take any more of this my end.”

Two days later, Epstein sends “the Duke” an email, “You ok? these stories are complete and utter fantasy. I don’t know and have never met Al Gore, Clinton was never on the island.. the telephone book is not mine, it was stolen by my houseman that is currently in prison for doing so.”

“The Duke” also wrote to Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s associate who was convicted of sex trafficking, in an email that she forwarded to Epstein, “Hey there! What’s all this? I don’t know anything about this! You must SAY so please. This has NOTHING to do with me. I can’t take any more of this.”

Reporter Landon Thomas Jr.

Epstein also exchanged emails with then-New York Times reporter Landon Thomas Jr.

In 2015, Epstein wrote to Thomas that Giuffre’s allegations against Andrew were “delusional.” Thomas replied that Andrew was “keeping the story alive.”

In December that same year, Thomas sent an email to Epstein, “Now everyone is coming to me thinking I have juicy info on you and Trump. Because of this,” referring to a New York magazine article he wrote in 2002, which quoted Trump calling Epstein a “terrific guy” who “likes beautiful women as much as I do, and many of them are on the younger side.”

Epstein, in one reply in a longer thread, wrote back, “would you like photso of donald and girls in bikinis in my kitchen,” to which Thomas replied, “Yes!!”

“I think the big issue is separating yourself from Andrew,” Thomas advised Epstein. “I mean, in the end, he had consensual sex with (redacted) . And (redacted) worked for you. The rest is atmospherics. You have moved on! People don’t know that and can’t accept that unless you say as much.”

In March 2018, Thomas sent Epstein a Daily Beast article suggesting that Trump was close “to a psychiatric breakdown.” In response, Epstein said, “he feels alone, and is nuts !!! , I told everyone from day one. evil beyond belief mad, and most thought i was speaking metaphorically, its obvious he could crack. stormy daniels. ? lies after lies after lies.”

In 2018, Thomas told his editors that he had become friends with and solicited a large donation from Epstein to a nonprofit of Thomas’ choice after Thomas had earlier covered Epstein. Thomas left the Times shortly after and the organization called his solicitation “a clear violation” of its ethics policy.

Thomas could not immediately be reached for comment. A Times spokesperson told TIME, “Landon Thomas Jr. has not worked at The Times since early 2019 after editors discovered his failure to abide by our ethical standards.”

Former White House Counsel Kathryn Ruemmler

Former White House Counsel Kathryn Ruemmler, who served in the Obama Administration, also exchanged emails with Epstein, many of which revolved around personal conversations.

In August 2018, Ruemmler and Epstein appeared to discuss the criminal case against Trump’s former attorney Michael Cohen over alleged hush money payments to porn star Stormy Daniels. “The principled case for impeachment is clear. What’s missing is the courage,” Ruemmler wrote.

Epstein wrote back: “I think he makes the argument that it was his, trumps money, making it not illegal. though he also said he only found out afterwards? and the fact according to the indicment was billed as services rendered and grossed up. im sure his acct has flipped anyway..”

In another email, Epstein wrote, “you see, i know how dirty donald is. my guess is that non lawyers ny biz people have no idea. what it means to have your fixer flip.”

In a February 2017 email, Ruemmler said about Trump, “so gross,” to which Epstein wrote back, “Worse in real life and upclose.”

TIME has reached out to Goldman Sachs, where Ruemmler is currently the Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel, for comment.

Billionaire Peter Thiel

Venture capitalist Peter Thiel, who reportedly met with Epstein several times in 2014 and whose name was among Epstein records released in September, also appeared in the emails released Wednesday.

Epstein wrote to Thiel in November 2018, “I liked your Trump exaggerations not lies.” He also asked him, “Are you enjoying la?”

“Can’t complain thus far…,” Thiel replied.

Epstein then followed up with, “Dec visit me Caribbean.” (Epstein’s private island in the Caribbean is alleged to be the site of sex trafficking and abuse crimes.)

A representative for Thiel told Politico that he never visited the island. TIME has reached out to Thiel via the Thiel Foundation for comment.

Former Trump adviser Steve Bannon

Epstein also had several exchanges with Steve Bannon, a former White House adviser during Trump’s first term and host of the conservative podcast War Room.

In 2018, Epstein wrote to Bannon that “there are many leaders of countries we can organize for you to have one on ones” if Bannon visited Europe for several days.

“If you are going to play here, you’ll have to spend time, europe by remote doesn’t work,” Epstein wrote.

In June 2019, Epstein wrote to Bannon about Trump and Andrew. “prince andrew and trump today.. Tooo funny,” he wrote. “recall prince andrews accuser came out of mara lago.”

Bannon replied, “Can’t believe nobody is making u the connective tissue.”

Bannon’s name was initially redacted in the released files, although it appears to have been included later. A source confirmed to CNN that the emails had been sent by Bannon.

TIME has reached out to Bannon for comment via his podcast.

Publicist Peggy Siegal

Epstein also consulted publicist Peggy Siegal as the scandal around the disgraced financier and his associates began unravelling.

Epstein wrote to Siegal in 2011 asking her to reach out to founder of the Huffington Post Ariana Huffington and get the outlet to discredit Giuffre’s story. He told her Huffington “should champion the dangers of false allegations. send a reporter or reporters to investigate,.. the palace would love it, the girl in the photo , was nothing more than a telephone answerer,, she was never 15, according to her version she worked for trump , first at that age, at MAra lago. ITs ridiculous.”